FACTORS INFLUENCING FARMERS DECISION IN COMMUNITY-BASED FOREST MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, KPH CIAMIS, WEST JAVA

Autor(s): Ary Widiyanto
DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2019.6.1.1-16

Abstract

Community Based Forest Management program through Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) scheme has been implemented in Perhutani forest in Java since 2001. The program has been developed to alleviate rural poverty and deforestation as well as to tackle illegal logging. However, there was very limited information and evaluation on activities of the program available especially in remote area/regencies, including Ciamis. This paper studies the socio-economic, geographical and perceptional factors influencing farmers decision to join PHBM program, farmers selection criteria for the crops used in the program, and farmer decision to allocate their time in the program. It also examines the costs and income related to the program and how the program land was allocated between different farmers groups and within the farmers groups as well as the perceptions of the state company’s (Perhutani) staff members on the program. Deductive approach was used with  quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires from 90 respondents at three farmer groups from 3 villages, 30 respondents of each group respectively. Cross tabulation and descriptive statistical analysis were used to analyse quantitative data. Qualitative data were collected through interviewing of 9 key informants, three informants of each farmer group respectively, and two Perhutani’s staff. Results showed that PHBM program contributed to about 26.9% to community’s monthly income. The program introduced benefit-sharing system and accommodated community initiatives. Perhutani’s support was illustrated by freedom of choice of community in selecting the sharing area (land allocated for farmer to manage) and the planted crops. Factor influencing farmers’ decision in selecting the sharing area was geographic conditions, in selecting the crops was farmer skills, and in allocating working time  was farmers’ priority.

Keywords

PHBM; Community based forest management; Perhutani; farmer’s decision

Full Text:

PDF

References

Affianto, A., Djatmiko, W. A., Riyanto, S., & Hermawan, T. T. (2005). Analisis biaya dan pendapatan dalam Pengelolaan PHBM: Sebuah panduan perhitungan bagi hasil. Bogor: Pustaka Latin.

Anomsari, E. T. (2015). Community participation in community-based forest management (Case study in Karang Gayam Sub-District, Kebumen Regency). Natapraja, I(1), 75–91.

ARUPA (Aliansi Relawan Untuk Penyelamatan Alam). (2012). Ketidakadilan PHBM. Retrieved from arupa.or.id/ketidakadilan-phbm/ on 16 Februari 2017.

Azmi, Z. (2008). Factors affecting farmers’ decision to follow CBFM program and its influence to income and time work allocation (Case study in Babakan Village, Tenjo Sub-District, Bogor). (Thesis) Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor.

Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Ciamis. (2013). Ciamis dalam angka 2013. Ciamis, Jawa Barat.

Budiarti, S. (2011). Perception and participation of forest village community in Community-Based Forest Management in Perum Perhutani KPH Cianjur. (Thesis). Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor.

Ediningtyas, D. (2007). Forest village community independency in agroforestry business (Case study; tree-coffee agroforestry in BKPH Pengalengan KPH Bandung Selatan, Perum Perhutani Unit III Jawa Barat dan Banten). (Thesis). Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor.

Fujiwara, T., Awang, S. A., Widayanti, W. T., Septiana, R. M., Hyakumura, K., & Sato, N. (2018). Socioeconomic Conditions Affecting Smallholder Timber Management in Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. Small-scale Forestry, 17(1), 41-56. doi:/10.1007/s11842-017-9374-1.

Hinchman, L., & Hinchman, S. (1997). Introduction. In L. P. Hinchman, & S. K. Hinchman (Eds.), Memory, identity, community: The idea of narrative in the human sciences (pp. 13-30). New York: State University of New York Press.

KPH Ciamis. (2008). Press release; Penjarahan hutan di KPH Ciamis. Perum Perhutani Unit III Jawa Barat. Ciamis.

Margarian, A. (2009). Farmers’ conservative behaviour and adapted strategies: 1 Aim of the study. In Proceeding of EAEPE in Amsterdam (pp. 1–26).

Ng, T. L., Eheart, J. W., & Cai, X. (2011). An agent-based model of farmer decision-making and water quality impacts at the watershed scale under markets for carbon allowancesand a second-generation biofuel crop. Water Resources Research, 47(9), 1–17.

Perum Perhutani. Decree of Supervision Board of Perum Perhutani No.136/KPTS/DIR/2001 about Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) program (2001). Jakarta.

Puspitodjati, T. (2013). Agroforestry forest estate: Whole rotation of social forestry. Ciamis. Agroforestry Technology Research Institute

Rachmawati, E. (2008). Partnership between Perum Perhutani and vanilla farmers in an effort to improve the farmers income: A case study of Community-Based Management of Forest Resources (CBFR) in Padasari Sub-District, Cimalak District, Sumedang Regency Sumedang. (Thesis). Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor.

Rakhmadi, A. (2014). Persepsi, motivasi, dan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan hutan bersama masyarakat (PHBM) di KPH Banyumas Barat.(Skripsi).Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor.

Roshetko, J. M., Rohadi, D., Perdana, A., Sabastian, G., Nuryartono, N., Pramono, A. A., …Purnomo, S. (2013). Teak systems’ contribution to rural development in Indonesia. In World Teak Conference 2013, Bangkok, Thailand, 24–27 March 2013.

Rosyadi, S., & Sobandi, K. R. (2014). Relasi kuasa antara Perhutani dan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya hutan di Banyumas: Kepentingan bisnis vs community empowerment. Jurnal Komunitas, 6(1), 47–56. doi:10.15294/komunitas.v6i1.2939.

Sabastian, G., Kanowski, P., & Race, D. (2014). Household and farm attributes affecting adoption of smallholder timber management practices by tree growers in Gunung Kidul region, Indonesia. Agroforestry System, 88(2), 257-268.

Subarna, T. (2011). Faktor yang mempengaruhi masyarakat menggarap lahan di hutan lindung: Studi kasus di Kabupaten Garut Jawa Barat. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 8(4), 265–275.

Sukhmawati, D. N. (2012). Partisipasi masyarakat desa hutan dalam program pengelolaan hutan bersama masyarakat di KPH Cepu. (Thesis). Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor

Wallace, M. T., & Moss, J. E. (2002). Farmer decision-making with conflicting goals: A recursive strategic programming analysis. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 53(1), 82–100. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-9552.2002.tb00007.x

Waluyati, L.R., Jamhari, & Siregar, A. P. (2017). Factors influencing the activeness of agricultural co-operative members in the Yogyakarta Special Region. In Proceeding of the 1st International Conference on Tropical Agriculture.

Wasito, Sumarwan, U., Ananto, E.E., Sunarti, E., & Dharmawan, A. H. (2011a). Model nafkah dan pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan keluarga petani miskin di hutan jati (Kasus enam desa di Kabupaten Blora). Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 8(2), 59–80.

Wasito, Sumarwan, U., Ananto, E E., Sunarti, E., & Dharmawan, A. H. (2011b). Nafkah keluarga petani miskin dan keberlanjutan hutan jati Kabupaten Blora, Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kehutanan, 8(1), 71–92.

Widiyanto, A. (2017). Aktivitas dan curahan waktu petani dalam program perhutanan sosial di Ciamis, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 5(1), 48–55.

Willock, J., Deary, I. J., Mcgregor, M. M., Sutherland, A., Edwards-jones, G., Morgan, O., … Austin, E. (1999). Farmers’ attitudes, objectives, behaviors and personality traits: The Edinburgh study of decision making on farms. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 36, 5–36.

Winberg, E. (2010). Participatory forest management in Ethiopia. Practices and Experiences, (June), 1–41.

Yudilastiantoro, C. (2011). Faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi yang berpengaruh terhadap luas lahan garapan di KDHTK Raraung, Lombok NTB. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kehutanan, 8(1), 19–33.

Yuwono, T. (2008). Strategi pengelolaan hutan di era otonomi daerah: Evaluasi implementasi PHBM di Kabupaten Ngawi tahun 2003-2007. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2019.6.1.1-16

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share