KLASIFIKASI KERUSAKAN TEGAKAN TINGGAL, EROSI TANAH HUTAN DAN IKLIM MIKRO UNTUK PENETAPAN AMBANG BATAS DALAM PEMANENAN TEBANG PILIH DI HUTAN ALAM

Wesman Endom, Zakaria Basari

Abstract


The logging impact on wood harvesting operation at natural forest is an important element that should be pay attention by all people to get sustainable forest management. This information is needed in order the forest damaged can be maintained to achieve health forest recovery of the togged forest area and high potency, so we can do the next harvest with a similar volume and quality or even more. That is our hope and sustain continuously.

To achieve this, the criteria and size of threshold forest damages is required. There is 3 main group of damages to be known i.e. threshold of residual stand damage, threshold of forest soil damage and threshold of micro climate.

Based on consideration that in the reality in general was found logging impact still high so because globally in the world asking logging with friendly it is essential to provide a limit of forest damage. Some activities that may produce heavy forest damage was road construction, felling, skidding and log yard establishment.


References


Aust, WM; MD Tippet; JA Burger dan WH Mckee. 1996. Compaction and rutting during harvesting affect better drained soils more than poorly soils on wet pine flats. Proceeding Hurricane Hugo. South Caroline Forest Land Research and Management Related to the Storm. USDA, Forest Service. Charleston South Caroline.

Abdulhadi. R; K. Kartadinata dan S. Sukardjo. 1981. Effect of mechanized logging in the lowland dipterocarp forest at Lempaka East Kalimantan. Malayan Forester. 44 (2 %3): 407-418.

---------------. Barnard. R.C. Linear Regeneration Sampling. Malaysian Forest. 12 (3): 129- 142.

Butar Butar, M. 1991. Volume limbah pemanenan kayu dan struktur tegakan sebelum dan sesudah penebangan dengan sistem silvikultur TPTI di areal HPH PT Austral Byna Muara Teweh, Kalimantan Tengah. Skripsi SI Fakultas Kehutanan Institut Pertanian, Bogor, Bogor.

Dephut. 1995. Rencana pembangunan lima tahun keenam kehutanan. Rapat Kerja Nasional Departemen Kehutanan. Departemen Kehutanan, Jakarta.

Dephutbun. 1998. Buku Tatanan Praktek Pengelolaan Hutan Indonesia. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan dan Perkebunan. Jakarta.

Dephutbun. 1999. Panduan Pelaksanaan Pembalakan yang dapat Mengurangi Dampak Lingkungan. Departemen Kehutanan dan Perkebunan, Jakarta

Direktorat Bina Program Kehutanan. 1982. Hasil pengumpulan data untuk penyusunan petunjuk teknis penentuan rotasi tebangan dalam rangka penyusunan pedoman inventarisasi dan penilaian tegakan sisa. Direktorat Bina Program, Bogor.

Ditjen Pengusahaan Hutan. 1989. Pedoman Tebang Pilih dan Tanam Indonesia, Jakarta.

Dykstra, DP; GS Kowero; AU Asiedu dan P Kiv. 1996. Promotong Stewarship of Forest in the Humid Forest Zone of Anglophone West and Centra Africa. CIFOR. Bogor.

Effendi, S.1996. Pengaruh pengusahaan hutan alam dan pengkonversiannya menjadi hutan tanaman terhadap sifat-sifat tanah di kawasan HPH PT Kiani Lestari Kalimantan Timur. Tesis S2 Program Studi Ilmu Kehutanan Program Pascasarjana Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda.

Elias, S Manan dan U Rosalina. 1993. Studi penerapan pedoman Tebang Pilih Indonesia (TPI) dan Tebang Pilih Tanam Indonesia (TPTI) di areal HPH (PT Kiani Lestari dan PT Narkata Rimba) Kalimantan Timur. Fakultas Kehutanan IPB, Bogor.

Elias. 1995. Hasil-Hasil penelitian pemanenan kayu berwawasan lingkungan di Indonesia dan negara-negara tropik lainnya. Risalah Lokakarya Departemen Kehutanan/ILO tentang pelatihan Tenaga Kerja Pemanenan untuk Pengelolaan Hutan Tropis yang Lestari di Indonesia, Departemen Kehutanan, Jakarta.

Endom, W dan Z Basari. 1999. Penetapan ambang batas kerusakan tegakan tinggal, erosi tanah dan iklim inikro. Laporan Proyek Pusat Penelitian Puslitbang Hasil Hutan, Bogor.

Ewel, J and L Conce. 1978. Environmental implications on any species utilization in the moist tropics. Proc. of Conference on Improved Utilization of Tropical Forests. Forest Prod. Lab. Forest Services, US Dept, of Agriculture, Madison

FAO. 1997. The STREK Project, Indonesia. Forest Harvesting Buletin.. 7 (1) : 2 — 4.

Fernandus. 1978. Pengaruh eksploitasi mekanis dan penyaradan dengan traktor terhadap keadaan tegakan sisa di areal HPH PT Gema Sanubari Pulau Bum, Maluku. Skripsi SI, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Patimura, Ambon

Gardner LR., WK. Michener; TM Williams, ER. Blood’ B Kjerfve, La Smock, DJ Lipscomb and C Gresham. 1996. Disturbance effects of hurricane hugo on a pristine coastal landscape: North Inlet , South Caroline, USA. South Caroline Forest Land Research and Management Related to the Storm. USDA, Forest Service. Charleton, South Caroline.

Hamilton, J.; A Jim, T Jaime, N David and L Patrick. 1996. Problems with natural regeneration on Hugo-damaged lands. Proceeding Hurricane Hugo. South Caroline Forest Land Research and Management Related to the Storm. USDA, Forest Service. Charleton, South Caroline.

Herbagung. 1986. Potensi Tegakan Sisa. Diskusi Hasil Penelitian Hutan. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan, Jakarta.

Idris, M.M, W Endom dan Sukanda. 1997. Estimasi dampak intensifikasi pemanenan terhadap tegakan tinggal di daerah kerja HPH. Studi kasus di areal kerja konsesi hutan PT NKR Muara Wahau Propinsi Kalimantan Timur. Badan Litbang Kehutanan. Jakarta.

Lund G. H. 1992. A Primer on permanent plots for monitoring natural resources. USDA Forest Service, Washington.

Malcolm, R and A Markham. 1996. Ecosystem Resilience, Biodiversity and Climate Change : Setting Limits. Parks,. IUCN. Switterland. 6(2) 8-14.

Nodine SK.1996. Economics of low density stand management. South Caroline Forest Land research and Management Related to the Storm. USDA, Forest Service. Charleton, South Caroline.

NRM.P. 1999a. Draft Principle Practices for Forest Harvesting in Indonesia. Ministry of Forestry and Estate Crops, Jakarta.

.1999b. Reducing Logging Waste and Related Impact. Report on an Operational Logging Trial and Evaluation of Harvested Stand. NRMP, Jakarta.

Purwono, B. 1993. Dampak pengusahaan hutan terhadap lingkungan. Buletin Amdal. 3(4): 12-18.

Phien, T. ti Siem and Tran due Toan. 1997. Soil degradation and soil erosion control on sloping land in Vietnam. Contour 9(1): 15 – 18

Sheffield, R.M. (1996). Hurricane Hugo-Damage Assesment Using Permanent Plot Remeasurement. Proceeding Hurricane Hugo. South Caroline Forest Land Research and Management Related to the Storm. USDA, Forest Service. Charleton, South Caroline.

Sheffield, R.M. and M T. Thompson (1996). Hurricane Hugo : Effects on Carolina’s forest resources. Proceeding Hurricane Hugo. South Caroline Forest Land Research and Management Related to the Storm. USDA, Forest Service. Charleton, South Caroline.

Smith, W.J. 1960. Diagnostic Linear sampling of Regeneration. Malaysian Forest 23 (3): 191-208.

Soenarno. 1996. Pengaruh prosedur kerja penebangan secara mekanis terhadap pengeluaran energi penebang dan dampaknya pada produktivitas kerja serta kerusakan tegakan tinggal. Seminar Forum Pusat Diklat Pegawai dan SDM Kehutanan, Bogor.

Soemarwoto. O. 1997. Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan. Gadjah Mada University Press. Jogyakarta.

Syme JH. ; P N Peralta and RH McAlister. Manufacture of southern pine plywood from hurricane hugo salvages logs stored under water sprinklers. Proceeding Hurricane Hugo. South Caroline Forest Land Research and Management Related to the Storm. USDA, Forest Service. Charleston, South Caroline.

Thaib, D. 1985. Pengaruh penggunaan traktor terhadap tegakan tinggal pada beberapa pengusahaan hutan di Kalimantan Timur. Jumal Pusat Penelitian Hasil Hutan. Bogor. 2 (4): 28 - 32.

UNMUL . 1997. Dampak intensitas TPTI terhadap regenerasi dan ekosistem hutan di Kalimantan Timur. Kerjasama penelitian Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan dan Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda.

Wiradinata, S dan S. Widarmana. 1980. Perencanaan penebangan untuk berkurangnya limbah dan kerusakan tegakan sisa. Prosiding Seminar Eksploitasi Hutan. Lembaga Penelitian Hasil Hutan, Bogor.

Yanuar, DS. 1992. Studi komposisi dan struktur tegakan sebelum dan sesudah pemanenan kayu dengan sistem silvikultur TPTI di areal HPH PT Kayu Pesaguan (alas Kusumah Group), Kalimantan Barat. Skripsi SI, Fakultas Kehutanan IPB, Bogor.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2001.19.2.69-88

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


JURNAL PENELITIAN HASIL HUTAN INDEXED BY:

More...


Copyright © 2015 | Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan (JPHH, Journal of Forest Products Research)

eISSN : 2442-8957        pISSN : 0216-4329

       

JPHH is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.