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Emisi CO2 Kendaraan Bermotor Periode Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (Studi Kasus: Ruas Jalan Di Jakarta Pusat)
Abstract
Emisi CO2 Kendaraan Bermotor Periode Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (Studi Kasus: Ruas Jalan Di Jakarta Pusat). Jakarta Pusat sebagai jantung kota DKI Jakarta memiliki arus pergerakan orang dan barang yang tinggi terutama dalam penggunaan kendaraan bermotor. Pembakaran bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor menyebabkan semakin meningkatnya akumulasi CO2 di atmosfer. Pada awal tahun 2020 berbagai negara di dunia termasuk Indonesia dan Jakarta mengalami pandemi Covid19 yang mendorong pemerintah menerapkan pemberlakuan kebijakan pembatasan sosial berskala besar (PSBB) untuk menekan kasus penyebaran Covid19. Adanya PSBB mengakibatkan dampak terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat termasuk keterbatasan aktivitas dan mobilitas masyarakat menggunakan kendaraan bermotor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besaran emisi CO2 saat periode kebijakan PSBB di tiga ruas jalan Jakarta Pusat. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif meliputi besaran konsumsi BBM masyarakat menggunakan kuesioner, data lalu lintas harian rata-rata (LHR) kendaraan bermotor bersumber dari Dinas Perhubungan DKI Jakarta dan besaran emisi CO2 menggunakan perangkat lunak Mobilev 3.0. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan besaran rata-rata konsumsi BBM tiap kendaraan saat PSBB yaitu untuk sepeda motor sebesar 4,01 liter/unit kendaraan dan mobil sebesar 20,6 liter/unit kendaraan. Total LHR kendaraan bermotor keseluruhan pada tiga ruas jalan sebesar 159.621 kendaraan (PSBB Transisi) dan sebanyak 132.623 kendaraan (PSBB Total). Total besaran emisi CO2 keseluruhan dari tiga ruas jalan saat PSBB transisi sebesar 68.863 ton/tahun dan saat PSBB total emisi CO2 sebesar 52.287 ton/tahun. Urutan emisi CO2 tertinggi berada di Jalan MH. Thamrin, kemudian Jalan Abdul Muis dan emisi terendah berada di Jalan Prajurit KKO Usman Harun. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, secara keseluruhan terjadi penurunan emisi CO2 pada tiga ruas jalan sebesar 24% antara kondisi PSBB Transisi dan PSBB Total. Penurunan emisi CO2 terjadi karena adanya keterbatasan mobilitas masyarakat menggunakan kendaraan bermotor dan perubahan konsumsi BBM selama periode kebijakan PSBB.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jklh.2021.15.1.31-44
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