EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA DAN HASIL GABAH DARI BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI UNGGUL TIPE BARU DI LAHAN SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DI JAWA TENGAH

A. Wihardjaka, Sarwoto Sarwoto

Abstract


Pelepasan varietas unggul tipe baru sebagai jawaban akan peningkatan kebutuhan pangan nasional. Beberapa varietas padi telah rentan terhadap serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman, sehingga potensial menurunkan hasil gabah. Di sisi lain, budidaya padi sawah berkontribusi terhadap pelepasan gas rumah kaca terutama metana ke atmosfer yang dapat menyebabkan pemanasan global. Informasi emisi metana dari beberapa varietas inhibrida masih terbatas. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya emisi metana dari beberapa varietas inhibrida yang dibudidayakan di lahan sawah tadah hujan. Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan dan perlakuan varietas padi yang meliputi Inpari 14, Inpari 15, Inpari 17, Inpari 18, Inpari 20, Ciherang, Situ Bagendit, IR64. Inpari 17 dan 18 merupakan kultivar padi yang menghasilkan emisi metana lebih rendah daripada IR64, Ciherang, dan Situ Bagendit. Emisi metana terendah dari kultivar yang diuji adalah Inpari 18 < Inpari 17 < IR64 < Situ Bagendit < Ciherang < Inpari 20 < Inpari 14 < Inpari 15. Hasil gabah kering giling tertinggi dari kultivar yang diuji di lahan sawah tadah hujan adalah Inpari 17 < Inpari 18 < Situ Bagendit < Inpari 15 < Inpari 20 < Inpari 14 < IR64 < Ciherang. Inpari 17 dan 18 merupakan kultivar padi yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan rendah emisi metana dengan indeks emisi metana masing-masing 0,01 kg CH4 kg-1 gabah.

Keywords


emisi metana, varietas inbrida, sawah tadah hujan, gabah, jawa tengah

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jklh.2015.9.1.9-16

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