PENGARUH KADAR PEREKAT PHENOL FORMALDEHIDA TERHADAP KEAWETAN PAPAN PARTIKEL BAMBU ANDONG

Wa Ode Muliastuty Arsyad, Deazy Rachmi Trisatya

Abstract


Bambu merupakan salah satu material yang mengandung lignoselulosa yang potensial dimanfaatkan sebagai produk majemuk, khususnya papan partikel.  Pemanfaatan ini masih terbatas karena sifat sensitif bambu terhadap kelembapan dan rendahnya ketahanan terhadap serangan organisme perusak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan papan partikel yang dibuat dari limbah bambu andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) Widjaja) dengan menggunakan perekat phenol formaldehida (PF) terhadap serangan rayap tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren dan rayap kayu kering Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light. Papan partikel berukuran 35 cm x 35 cm x 1,5 cm dibuat menggunakan perekat PF dengan variasi kadar perekat 8%, 10% dan 12% dari berat kering partikel. Pengujian ketahanan papan partikel terhadap rayap tanah dan rayap kayu kering mengacu pada SNI 7207-2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan kadar perekat berpengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan berat papan partikel akibat serangan rayap tanah dan rayap kayu kering. Perbedaan kadar perekat juga berpengaruh nyata terhadap mortalitas rayap tanah dan rayap kayu kering. Papan partikel dengan kadar perekat PF 12% memiliki penurunan berat terendah yaitu 4,34% untuk rayap tanah dan 0,48% untuk rayap kayu kering. Mortalitas rayap meningkat dengan semakin bertambahnya kadar perekat PF dalam papan partikel. Papan partikel dengan kadar perekat 12% memiliki mortalitas rayap tertinggi, yaitu 71,5% untuk rayap tanah dan 76% untuk rayap kayu kering.


Keywords


Bambu; limbah; papan partikel; phenol formaldehida; rayap

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2020.38.1.40-45

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