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PENGARUH SUSUNAN LAMINA KAYU KARET TUA TERHADAP SIFAT KEKUATAN BALOK SILANG-I LAMINASI
Abstract
Perakitan balok silang-I laminasi dilakukan menggunakan kayu karet tua (Hevea brasiliensis) asal pohon karet yang sudah tidak produktif lagi menghasilkan getah lateks (umur sekitar 25-30 tahun). Mula-mula, dolok kayu karet (diameter sekitar 10-25 cm) terlebih dulu dibentuk menjadi lamian (bilah- bilah) melalui penggergajian. Rendemen bilah tersebut (36-39%) masih lebih rendah dari pada rendemen yang umum dari kayu berdiameter besar. Bilah yang dihasilkan dirakit menjadi balok silang-I menggunakan perekat fenol-resorsinol-formaldehida pada suhu kamar. Hasil perakitan menunjukkan kekuatan balok silang-I laminasi dengan profil rekatan horisontal antar lamina dibagian tubuh atau badan (keteguhan lengkung pada batas proporsi = 132.97 kg/cm2, MOR = 184.13 kg/cm2, MOE = 54425.196 kg/cm2, dan keteguhan geser horisontal = 2.9397 kg/cm2) lebih rendah dari pada sifat balok kayu karet utuh berdimensi kecil bebas cacat, tetapi lebih tinggi dari pada balok silang-I laminasi dengan profil rekatan vertikal dan produk balok laminasi (glulam) juga dari kayu karet tua dengan profil rekatan horisontal antar lamina. Di samping itu terdapat korelasi nyata negatif antara sudut jari-jari kayu - bidang rekatan dengan sifat mekanis/ kekuatan balok silang-I laminasi. Ini mengindikasikan prospek positif pembuatan balok silang-I laminasi laminasi dari kayu karet tua dengan profil rekatan vertikal tersebut untuk tujuan konstruksi, karena dapat lebih menghemat pemakaian bahan baku.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2010.28.2.130-145
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