Karakter Fisik dan Fisiologi Serta Metode Konservasi Benih Vatica venulosa Blume (Dipterocarpaceae)

Aulia Hasan Widjaya, M. Rahmad Suhartanto, Endah R. Palupi, Dian Latifah

Sari


Vatica venulosa Blume merupakan jenis tumbuhan langka dengan kategori Critically Endangered A1c ver 2.3. Benih V. venulosa bersifat rekalsitran dan studi mengenai penentuan waktu panen, standar pengujian viabilitas, kadar air kritis benih untuk mendukung konservasi V. venulosa belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mempelajari periode perkecambahan, waktu masak fisiologi buah, kadar air kritis dan metode konservasi embrio V. venulosa. Periode perkecambahan V. venulosa memiliki hitungan awal dan akhir pada 23 hari setelah semai (HSS) dan 33 HSS. Benih V. venulosa mencapai masak fisiologi pada 101±3 hari setelah antesis (HSA) sampai 106±3 HSA. Kadar air kritis benih V. venulosa sebesar 38,63%-39,59%. Pertumbuhan embrio V. venulosa menggunakan Woody Plant Medium (WPM) memiliki tingkat keberhasilan sebesar 70% pada kadar air 34,1%. Woody Plant Medium hanya bisa digunakan hingga 15 hari setelah tanam (HST) untuk eksplan embrio tumbuhan berkayu yang memiliki kandungan fenolik tinggi. Benih V. venulosa memiliki daya berkecambah sebesar 78,75%-81,25% dan akan menjadi bibit dengan 2 helai daun pada 45 HSS. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi bahwa benih V. venulosa dapat dipertahankan melalui metode konservasi secara invitro untuk mendukung program konservasi benih tanaman langka.

Kata Kunci


embrio, hitungan akhir, hitungan awal, kadar air kritis, masak fisiologi

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2021.18.2.167-181

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