FAKTOR BUDIDAYA DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN KEPARAHAN PENYAKIT KARAT PURU PADA SENGON (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes)

Neo Endra Lelana, Suryo Wiyono, Giyanto Giyanto, Iskandar Z. Siregar

Sari


ABSTRACT

Until now, gall rust disease is a major threat for Falcataria moluccana plantations in Indonesia. One of the  environmental factors that can influence the development of plant diseases is the cultivation practice. However, the studies related to the influence of cultivation practice to the F. moluccana gall rust disease are still limited. This study aimed to determine the correlation between cultivation practice to the incidence and severity of F. moluccana gall rust disease. The incidence and severity of F. moluccana gall rust disease were observed from 47 planting sites distributed throughout Java. Its correlation to the cultivation practice was analyzed using chi square analysis followed by coordinate analysis. The results indicated that 6 of 13 variables were significantly correlated with disease incidence. Meanwhile, only 3 of 13 variables were significantly correlated to disease severity. These factors were plant age, use of organic fertilizer, and chemical control. Based on coordinate analysis result, organic fertilizer and chemical control application showed strong association with low level disease severity.


Keywords: Chemical control, Java, organic fertilizer, plant age

 

ABSTRAK

Penyakit karat puru masih menjadi permasalahan yang utama pada tanaman sengon di Indonesia. Tanaman sengon dapat diserang pada semua tingkatan umur dan telah menimbulkan kerugian yang signifikan. Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang memengaruhi perkembangan penyakit tanaman ialah faktor budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor budidaya dengan insidensi dan keparahan penyakit karat puru pada sengon. Sebanyak 47 lokasi penanaman sengon yang tersebar di seluruh Jawa diamati insidensi dan keparahan penyakitnya. Hubungannya dengan faktor budidaya dianalisis menggunakan Khikuadrat yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis korespondensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 6 dari 13variabel faktor budi daya menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan terhadap insidensi penyakit. Sementara itu terhadap keparahan penyakit, sebanyak 3 dari 13 variabel faktor budidaya menunjukkan korelasi yangsignifikan. Ketiga faktor tersebut yaitu umur tanaman, penggunaan pupuk organik, dan pengendalian kimiawi. Hasil analisis korespondensi menunjukkan faktor penggunaan pupuk organik dan pengendalian secara kimiawi berasosiasi dengan keparahan penyakit yang rendah.


Kata kunci: Jawa, pengendalian kimiawi, pupuk organik, umur tanaman



Kata Kunci


Jawa; pengendalian kimiawi; pupuk organik; umur tanaman

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpht.2018.15.1.29-41

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