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STUDI ETNOBOTANI JENIS-JENIS TUMBUHAN BERACUN PADA SUKU DAWAN KECAMATAN FATULEU TENGAH, KABUPATEN KUPANG (Ethnobotany study of poisonous plants in Dawan Tribe Fatuleu Tengah Subdistrict, Kupang District)

Arnold christian hendrik, Anriyani Ivanita Pinat, Apriliana Ballo

Abstract


Abstract

Poisonous plants are plants containing a poison that can cause pain or death. The people of the Dawan Fatuleu Tengah tribe have used poisonous plants in their daily lives.  However, these types of poisonous plants have not been well documented. The purpose of the present study was to determine the types of poisonous plants and their utilization by the Dawan Fatuleu Tengah tribe. The data collection was conducted by interviewing the respondents for the use of poisonous plants. The obtained results showed that eight types of poisonous plants from six families used by the Dawan Fatuleu Tengah tribe, namely arbila nuts (Phaseolus lonatus L.), tubaroot (Deris elliptica L.), cassava (Manihot esculent), sengon (Paraserianthes faltacataria L.), ginje (Thevetia peruvianan), kecubung (Datura metel L.), ceremai (Phyllanthus acidus L.), and biduri (Calotropis gigantean L.). The Dawan Fatuleu Tengah tribe community uses these poisonous plants to poison fish in the river for consumption, as a natural pesticide, to kill insect disease vectors, and for attacking the enemy.

 

Abstrak

Tumbuhan beracun merupakan tumbuhan yang mengandung racun dan dapat menyebabkan rasa sakit atau kematian. Masyarakat suku Dawan Fatuleu Tengah telah lama memanfaatkan tumbuhan beracun dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Namun, sampai saat ini jenis-jenis tumbuhan beracun tersebut belum terinventarisasi dengan baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan beracun dan pemanfaatannya oleh suku Dawan Fatuleu Tengah. Teknik pengambilan data berupa pengambilan sampel responden dapat dilakukan dengan menghimpun keterangan melalui wawancara tentang pemanfataan tumbuhan beracun. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 8 jenis tumbuhan beracun dari 5 famili yang dimanfaatkan suku Dawan Fatuleu Tengah yaitu kacang arbila (Phaseolus lonatus L.), akar tuba (Deris elliptica L.), ubi kayu (Manihot esculenta), sengon (Paraserianthes faltacataria L), ginje (Thevetia peruviana), kecubung (Datura metel L), ceremai (Phyllanthus acidus L), biduri (Calotropis gigantean L). Masyarakat suku Dawan Fatuleu Tengah memanfaatkan tumbuhan beracun tersebut untuk meracuni ikan di sungai untuk dikonsumsi, sebagai pestisida alami, untuk membunuh serangga vektor penyakit, dan juga untuk menyerang musuh


Keywords


Fatuleu; Pestisida; Tumbuhan Beracun; Suku Dawan Fatuleu Tengah

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpkf.2021.5.1.31-46

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