Email this article PENENTUAN ZONA KERAWANAN GERAKAN TANAH DENGAN METODE HEURISTIK DAS SERANG KABUPATEN KULON PROGO (Determination of mass movement vulnerability zone using heuristic methods in Serang watershed Kulon Progo District)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Landslide, one of the physical environmental disasters, can be defined as the movement of rock mass, soil, or shredded material that forms a slope down the slope Kulon Progo Regency has always been a landslide-prone area that most often occurs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in the last three years. One way to reduce the risk of hazards is by mapping the hazard assessment of mass movement disasters. The purpose of this study is to determine the zone of vulnerability to landslides in the Serang watershed, Kulon Progo. The method used is heuristic, where the assessment of the potential for ground motion is based on a geomorphological approach with a weighting analysis of each parameter. The parameters used are slope, rock type, geological structure (distance to fault), land use, and landslide event distribution. Each parameter is assigned a value and a weight variable based on the factors that most influence slope safety. They are then calculated in a linear variable manner, resulting in an index value for soil movement vulnerability. The index value is grouped spatially into four (4) hazards with equal interval class division, very low hazard with an area of 95.927 km2 (46%); low hazard with an area of 72.019 km2 (34%); moderate hazard with an area of 38,560 km2 (18%); and very high hazard with an area of 1,955 km2 (0.01%). Based on the spatial analysis, the distribution of the existing landslide events are increasing correlatively with the higher the hazard zone.
Key words: heuristics; landslides; mass movement; watershed; vulnerability
ABSTRAK
Bencana tanah longsor dapat didefinisikan sebagai pergerakan massa batuan, tanah atau material yang membentuk lereng menuruni lereng merupakan salah satu bencana lingkungan fisik. Dari dulu Kabupaten Kulon Progo merupakan daerah rawan longsor yang paling sering terjadi di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam kurun waktu tiga tahun terakhir. Upaya mengurangi resiko bencana bahaya gerakan tanah salah satunya adalah dengan pemetaan penilaian kerawanan bencana gerakan tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan zona kerawanan bencana gerakan tanah (longsor) di DAS Serang Kulon Progo. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode heuristik yaitu penilaian potensi gerakan tanah didasarkan pendekatan geomorfologi (proses yang mempengaruhi bentuk lahan) dengan analisis pembobotan setiap parameter. Parameter yang digunakan adalah kemiringan lereng, jenis batuan, struktur geologi (jarak terhadap sesar), penggunaan lahan, dan distribusi kejadian longsor. Setiap parameter diberi nilai dan bobot, didasarkan atas faktor yang paling mempengaruhi faktor keamanan lereng. Hasil penilaian tersebut kemudian dihitung secara linier variable, sehingga diperoleh nilai indek kerawanan gerakan tanah. Nilai indek tersebut dianalisis secara keruangan (spasial) menjadi empat (4) kerawanan dengan pembagian kelas secara equal interval, yaitu kerawanan sangat rendah dengan luas 95,927 km2 (46%), kerawanan rendah dengan luas 72,019 km2 (34%), kerawanan menengah dengan luas 38,560 km2 (18%) dan kerawanan sangat tinggi dengan luas 1,955 km2 (0,01%). Berdasarkan analisis keruangan diketahui bahwa distribusi kejadian gerakan tanah (longsor) eksisting semakin meningkat berkorelasi dengan zona kerawanan semakin tinggi.
Kata kunci: daerah aliran sungai, gerakan tanah, heuristik, kerawanan, longsor
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jppdas.2022.6.1.1-20
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