AGROFORESTRY KALIWU IN SUMBA: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Budiyanto Dwi Prasetyo

Abstract


Agroforestry is one of the popular land management systems in Indonesia. The system helps the farmers to increase agricultural production, social life, and ecological stability. Traditional community in Sumba had been implementing agroforestry for a long time, known as Kaliwu and as a part of the indigenous knowledge. Kaliwu as a system is constructed socially through an intensive interaction between local people and its environment and transmitted from generation to generation. This study aimed to asses sociological aspects in behind Kaliwu practices, which allegedly become key factor the sustainability of this system socially, exist until now. The study was conducted for a year in 2009 in the Waimangura Village, Sumba Island. As social research, data was collected through social survey on 30 respondents, in-depth interview, observation, and literature review. Data was analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative procedures. The results indicated that sociologically, Kaliwu as an authentic knowledge of land management system passed on from generation to generation and constructed along with the socio-historical practices by the local people of Sumba. Social norms (adherence to traditional values, arrangement of labour systems, conflict management) and social institution of farmer group became social factors that play significant role to make kaliwu sustainable.

Keywords


Agroforestry; traditional; Kaliwu; sociological perspective; Sumba

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdullah, T. (Eds.). (1979). Agama, etos kerja dan perkembangan ekonomi. Jakarta: LP3ES.

Abdullah, T. (1985). Sejarah lokal di Indonesia Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Berger, P. L. (1985).Jakarta: Inti Humanisme sosiologi Aksara.

Berger, P., Parera, F., & Luckman, T. (1990). Tafsir sosial atas kenyataan: risalah tentang sosiologi pengetahuan (terj: Hasan Basri). Jakarta: LP3ES.

Berkes, F. (2012). Sacred ecology: traditional ecological knowledge and management systems. London: Taylor & Francis. Retrieved 1 Agustus 2015.

https://books.google.co.id/books?id=5b8RAgZtxxIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=sacred+ecology&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRqJvPp9rRAhVMqI8KHY9DDekQ6AEIKjAB#v=onepage&q=sacred%20ecology&f=false.

Druckman, D., & Fast, L. (2003). Conflict: From analysis to inter vention. In Cheldelin, S, Druckman, D., & Fast, L (Eds.). London New York: Continuum. Retrieved 24 April 2015 from https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&l

r=&id=y5LUAwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Conflict+Analysis+Intervention+Sandra+Cheldelin&ots=Tk8p5CMHNo&sig=eQ5rapLc1EHCUWGMqrYT8vaHV3Aredir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Conflict%20Analysis%20Inter vention%20Sandra%20Cheldielin&f=false.

Gritten, D., Saastamoinen, O., & Sajama, S. (2009). Ethical analysis: A structured approach to facilitate the resolution of forest conflicts. Forest Policy and Economics, 11(8), 555-560. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2009.07.003.

Hoult, T. F. (1969). The Dictionary of modern sociology Unviersity of Michigan: Littlefield Adams.

Kebijakan, W. (2003). Perhutanan social. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).

Mitchell, C. R. (1981). The structure of international conflict (pp. 251-272) London: MacMillan Press Ltd.

Narwoko, J. D., & Suyanto, B. (2006). Sosiologi teks pengantar dan terapan. In Narwoko, J. D., & Suyanto, B (Eds.), Sosiologi teks pengantar dan terapan (pp.74-96). Jakarta: Penerbit Kencana.

Njurumana, G. N., & Susila, I. (2006). Kajian rehabilitasi lahan kritis melalui pengembangan hutan rakyat berbasis sistem kaliwu di Pulau Sumba. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 3(1), 473-484.

Njurumana, G., Raharjo, S., Pujiono, E., Prasetyo, B. Rianawati, H., & Puspiyatun, R. (2009). Pengembangan agroforestr y berbasis masyarakat

dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan (Laporan Penelitian: Program Insentif Riset untuk Peneliti). Kupang: Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi. Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (Unpublished).

Nurgiyantoro, Burhan, G., & Marzuki. (2004). Statistik terapan untuk penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Rahman, S. A., Imam, M. H., Snelder, D. J., & Sunderland, T. (2012). Agroforestry for livelihood security in agrarian landscapes of the Padma floodplain in Bangladesh. Smallscale Forestry, 11(4), 529-538. ttp://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-012-9198-y.

Rahu, A. A., Hidayat, K., Ariyadi, M., & Hakim, L. (2014). Management of Kaleka (traditional gardens) in Dayak community in Kapuas, Central Kalimantan. International Journal of Science and Research, 3(3), 205-210.

Sembiring, E., Basuni, S., & Soekmadi, R. (2010). Resolusi konflik pengelolaan Taman Nasional Teluk Cendrawasih di Kabupaten Teluk Wondama, Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, XVI 2(2), 84-91.

Singarimbun, M., & Effendi, S. (Eds.). (1999). Metode penelitian survey. Jakarta: LP3ES.

Soemardjan, S., & Soemardi, S. (1964). Setangkai bung sosiologi. Jakarta: Yayasan Badan Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia.

Torres, B., Maza, O. J., Aguirre, P., Hijojosa, L., & Günter, S. (2015). The contribution of traditional agroforestry to climate change adaptation in the Ecuadorian Amazon: The chakra system. In Handbook of Climate Change

Adaptation (pp. 1973-1994). Verlag Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. http://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-642-38670-1_90.

Usman, H., & Setiady, P. (2006). Pengantar statistika Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.

Veeger, K. (1985). Realitas sosial. Jakarta: Gramedia.

Weiwei, L., Wenhua, L., Moucheng, L., & Fuller, A. M. (2014). Traditional agroforestry systems: One type of globally important agricultural heritage systems. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 5(4), 306-313. http://doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674764x.2014.04.004.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jpsek.2016.13.3.189-199

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2016 Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan Indexed by:

 ...More

Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan (JPSEK)
eISSN : 2502-4221 pISSN : 1979-6013
JPSEK is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.