Email this article SIMULASI MODEL DINAMIK PENGARUH LEGUME COVER CROPS (LCC) TERHADAP LIMPASAN DAN SEDIMEN DI LAHAN HUTAN TANAMAN (Dynamic model simulation of the effects of Legume Cover Crops (LCC) on runoff and sediment in plantation forest land)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Declining productivity of plantation forest due to low soil fertility. This condition has forced managers to make efforts in manipulating the tree growing environment. One such effort is by introducing cover crops species from legumes (LCC), to control surface runoff, soil erosion and input nutrient into the soil. The research aims to determine the effectiveness of LCC in controlling total runoff and sedimentation in Eucalyptus pellita plantations, through dynamic model simulation. The dynamic model of STELLA version 9.0.2 was used to study water and nutrient cycles, focused on the application of LCC to reduce total runoff and sedimentation. The results showed that LCC could drop the total runoff of average 35% in the 1 - 2 years old. In the 1styear it decreased from 1,530 mm to 994 mm, while in the 2ndyear it decreased from 1,240 mm to 806 mm. The declining also occurred in the sediment content, in the 1st year it decreased from 12.20 tonnes/ha to 7.93 tonnes/ha, and the 2nd year it decreased from 6.63 tonnes/ha to 4.36 tonnes/ha. These research findings can be used by the environmental manager to minimize potential land degradation, especially during the post-harvest until the young plantations (0-2 years old) phases.
Key words: plantation forest; E. pellita; dinamic model; legume cover crops; erosion; runoff
ABSTRAK
Penurunan produktivitas hutan tanaman akibat rendahnya tingkat kesuburan tanah memaksa pengelola melakukan berbagai upaya manipulasi lingkungan pertumbuhan. Salah satu upaya tersebut adalah introduksi tanaman penutup tanah dari jenis legum (LCC) untuk mengendalikan laju aliran permukaan dan erosi tanah serta input hara ke dalam tanah. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas LCC dalam mengendalikan laju limpasan permukaan dan sedimentasi di hutan tanaman E. pellita, melalui simulasi pemodelan sistem dinamik. Model dinamik STELLA versi 9.0.2 dimanfaatkan untuk mempelajari siklus air dan hara yang terjadi, dengan fokus simulasi aplikasi LCC untuk mengurangi total limpasan dan sedimentasi. Hasil simulasi menyimpulkan pengaruh aplikasi LCC pada pascatebangan dapat menurunkan total limpasan pada tanaman berumur 1 sampai 2 tahun sebesar rata-rata 35%. Pada tahun pertama menurun dari 1.530 mm menjadi 994 mm, sedangkan pada tahun kedua menurun dari 1.240 mm menjadi 806 mm. Penurunan juga terjadi pada kandungan sedimen, pada tahun pertama menurun dari 12,20 ton/ha menjadi 7,93 ton/ha, dan tahun kedua menurun dari 6,63 ton/ha menjadi 4,36 ton/ha. Hasil tersebut dapat menjadi input bagi pengelola sebagai dasar pengelolaan lingkungan untuk meminimalkan potensi degradasi lahan khususnya pada fase pasca tebangan sampai tanaman muda (0-2 tahun).
Kata kunci: hutan tanaman; E. pellita; model dinamik; legume cover crops; erosi dan runoff
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jppdas.2018.2.1.17-34
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