Email this article KARAKTERISTIK VEGETASI, HARA NITROGEN DAN KARBON ORGANIK TANAH PADA TEGAKAN HUTAN TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG-MERBABU DAN TEGALAN (The Characteristics of Vegetation, Soil Nutrients of Nitrogen and Soil Organik Carbon at Forest Stands of Mount-Merbabu National Park and Dry Field)
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pulau Jawa yang beriklim tropik basah memiliki beranekaragam tegakan vegetasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh tegakan vegetasi hutan (Pinus/Pinus merkusii, Puspa/Schima noronhae theaceae, Akasia/Acacia decurren fabaceae, Bintamin/Cupressus sp, dan tanaman campuran) dan tegalan di lereng Gunung Merbabu, Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu di Kabupaten Boyolali Propinsi Jawa Tengah terhadap tingkat kesuburan tanah, yaitu kandungan hara N dan karbon organik tanah pada kedalaman 0-30 cm (0-10, 10-20, dan 20-30cm). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan analisa laboratorium. Untuk pengamatan karakteristik vegetasi dibuat SPP (Satuan Plot Pengamat) berukuran 50 m x 50 m dan diulang 3 kali, sedangkan untuk analisis hara N dan karbon organik tanah dilakukan pengambilan contoh tanah pada kedalaman tanah 0-30 cm (0-10, 10-20, dan 20-30cm) dan diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah: N-total, C-organik dan BD (bulk density) tanah. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif, dilanjutkan uji-F, uji DMRT taraf 5%, dan uji korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tegakan hutan TNG-Merbabu mempunyai kerapatan jenis tertinggi pada tegakan hutan puspa, diikuti campuran, pinus, akasia, dan bintamin. Kandungan N-total dan C-organik tanah mengalami penurunan sejalan dengan peningkatan kedalaman tanah (0-10, 10-20, dan 20-30 cm); pada kedalaman 0-10 cm kandungan N-total tanah tertinggi pada tegakan hutan puspa (1,34%), sementara akasia adalah 0,74%, dan tegalan 0,34%. Kandungan C-organik tanah tertinggi terdapat pada tegakan hutan puspa yaitu 9,53%, sedangkan pinus sebesar 2,85%, dan tegalan 2,12%. Berdasarkan kerapatan jenis dan kandungan N-total dan C-organik tanah, Puspa (Schima noronhae theaceae) dapat direkomendasikan sebagai jenis tanaman penghijauan (reboisasi hutan) yang baik.
Kata kunci: kerapatan jenis, karbon organik tanah, N-total, hutan TNG-Merbabu, puspa, tegalan
ABSTRACT
Java island, which has a wet tropical climate, has a variety of vegetation stands. This study examines the characteristics of vegetation, nutrient levels of N, and soil organic carbon (SOC) under forest stands of Mount-Merbabu National Park (Pine/Pinus merkusii, Puspa/Schima noronhae theaceae, Acacia/Acacia decurren fabaceae, Bintamin/Cupressus sp, and Mixed) and dry field at a soil depth of 0-30 cm (0-10, 10-20, 20-30cm). Observations the characteristics of vegetation were made by Observing Plot Units measuring 50 m x 50 m with 3 replications, while the observations of N nutrients and SOC included: total-N, Organic-C, and bulk density soil with 3 replications as well. The research data were analyzed descriptively, followed by the F-Test and DMRT Test at 5% level. The results showed that the forest stands of Mount-Merbabu National Park has the highest species density value in Puspa forest stand, followed by Mixed, Pine, Acacia, and Bintamin. Soil N-total and C-organic content decreased with the increasing soil depth. The highest soil total-N content in the depth of 0-10 cm was in the Puspa forest stand (1.34%), while Acacia is 0.74%, and dry field is 0.34%. The highest of soil organic-C content was in the Puspa forest stand (9.53%), the lowest was Pine (2.85%) and dry field (2.12%). Puspa (Schima noronhae theaceae) can be recommended as a good type of reforestation plant.
Keywords: species density, soil organic carbon, N-total, forest of Mount-Merbabu national park, puspa, dry field
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jppdas.2022.6.2.141-160
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